Foxing - The Brown Spots in Your Old Books
Understanding Foxing in Books
If you’ve ever come across an old book, you might have noticed some brown or red spots on the pages. This phenomenon is known as foxing. While it might seem like just a sign of aging, it’s a specific type of degradation that can affect books over time.
What Causes Foxing?
Foxing is caused by a combination of factors, including long-term exposure to moisture, temperature fluctuations, and the quality of the paper used in the book. The brown spots are usually the result of a chemical reaction that occurs when mold or fungi grow on the paper, especially if it has been stored in a damp environment. Impurities left behind during the paper-making process are another common cause, while dust and other pollutants can contribute to the progression.
It is important to note that foxing is different than mold or mildew growth. Foxing is mostly a cosmetic concern and poses little risk to the paper itself. Mold and mildew can be destructive if left to progress without intervention. For more information on preventing mold in your books, check out our post “Moldy Books: How to Help.”
Why Does It Matter?
For collectors and bibliophiles, foxing can impact the value of a book. Many people prefer their books to be in pristine condition, so spotting can be seen as a negative. However, some argue that foxing adds character and tells a story about the book’s history.
Can Foxing Be Removed?
Foxing is a deterioration of the paper itself - the spotting, or coloring, resides in the paper fibers. This means foxing is not superficial and has no one simple process for removal. The restoring or conserving of a book can sometimes help reduce the appearance of foxing, but the required techniques must be done with caution. Professional conservators may use washing or immersion in solution to lighten the spots without damaging the paper. However, the complete removal of foxing is, generally speaking, unfeasible. DIY methods are not recommened, as they risk further damage, so it's best to consult an expert if you're considering restoration or conservation for the reduction of foxing.
How to Prevent Foxing
To protect your books from foxing, store them in a cool, dry place. Avoid storing your books in areas with high humidity, such as basements or garages, and use protective cases or containers when necessary. Regularly checking your books for signs of moisture or mold is crucial in catching any potential problems before they can be remedied.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while foxing may not be something you want to see in your books, understanding what it is and how to prevent it is important. The proper storage of your books can prevent foxing from occuring and, in older books with signs of degredation, can prevent foxing increasing in severity. Foxing is mostly a cosmetic issue but can be reduced appearance with proper technique. If you find yourself dealing with foxing and have questions, or would like to have your book evaluated for conserving, reach out to a professional conservator or restorer.
Happy reading!